Sunday, April 17, 2016

Why teach? My TOP TEN Reasons

I just read a post on behaviour management at What's New With Leah when nothing is working, it was a great read and it led me to another great post where Leah listed her top ten reasons for teaching. It got me thinking about teaching and my own philosophy and reasons for staying in the profession.

As far as professions go, teaching is unique. On so many levels it is transient - students attend class for a year with one staff member, then move onto the next, they then take their own paths into the world with well wishes and congratulations. We teach different grades, different topics, different texts, staff leave, staff arrive, executive staff changes, the stability is our routine and our focus.

Ensuring the needs of hundreds of students are met and encouraging all to work towards their personal best, each and every day, is a big responsibility. In English I see my students for around 7 hours a fortnight - a few times a week to assess for learning, assess as learning, assess of learning, hook them in each lesson, ensure they are expressing their ideas visually, verbally, and in a written form, minding that they are in a safe environment and that social issues from recess or lunch or the weekend don't cause disruption to learning time, allowing for 10-minutes silent reading, teaching figurative language, generic conventions, grammar, punctuation - so students can communicate effectively in their lives after school.

Dynamic is the word that comes to mind.

To lament further, during my university days I had the most wonderful methods lecturer, he was just so real, so pragmatic, and he directed our understanding of the theory in the most practical of ways - it just all made sense. I still, a decade later, return to the notes I took in his classes. One thing that has stayed with me is the impression of teachers out in the world, something I wasn't quite aware of up until this point - he very honestly told my class to say, when asked what we do, that we are in 'languages' just to save ourselves from being held culpable for all that is wrong in society. I was a little saddened, a little worried, would I manage the pressure? I am in my tenth year now, and I am less green and more aware of how education and society works, I have reconciled that many find fault  with our education system but I love what and I believe what teachers do is very, very important.

So, I thought I would create my own list, here is my TOP TEN:

10. Time, if my face-to-face work day was longer I would not be as effective. Planning engaging lessons takes time, completing the administration tasks required, takes time and important tasks like calling parents, speaking to the Senior Executive about issues or project planning needs focused uninterrupted time. I like to have a whole heap of small tasks that I can complete readily during my breaks during the day and then once the patrons have gone home, I get stuck into the rest. I don't know that I have a perfect balance, but I have a routine, and I really enjoy both aspects - the face-to-face teaching and the administration - parts of the job.

9. Holidays (otherwise known as - do the washing, go to the doctor, dentist, hair dresser, mechanic, preparation time!). I love having uninterrupted time to read the texts my students will be studying the following term, prepare lessons ahead of time so I am not throwing something together the night or morning before I have to teach it, make extra resources, edit student work, mark assessment tasks, book computers, clean my classroom, laminate new images for my classroom walls, prepare presentations for School Development Days, read my new teaching texts that have been sitting on my coffee table for months (like, Creating Robust Vocabulary). This time allows me to rest and prepare for a busy term ahead.

8. As a high school teacher I have each of my classes for a maximum of one period (around 55 minutes) a day. During this time I teach a lesson that reinforces skills, introduces new concepts, and allows students to engage with texts. Then, the bell goes, and my next class arrives! It never gets boring, it is ever changing, the classroom dynamic is dependent on so many variables that even when teaching a topic that I may have taught before, it is completely different because students bring with them a unique set of experiences and the ideas they contribute to discussion and the way they respond to a text, is completely their own. It is great!

7. Professional learning is not only integral to staying up to date with current approaches to teaching and English teaching specifically, but it is an opportunity to network, share experiences and be inspired to try something different in the classroom. Sometimes the minutiae of everyday workplace tasks can overshadow the creativity and excitement of teaching but meeting with like-minded colleagues and learning new approaches can really energise a tired teacher! Professional learning can be in the form of readings, a face-to-face conference/workshop, online, and even through connections with colleagues on Twitter, Instagram, Facebook and I have found numerous creative teachers on Pinterest. Teaching is a very generous profession, people love to share resources, advice, ideas.

6. Poetry, novels, film, comics, graphic novels, advertisements, short film, slam poetry, lyrics, music videos, illustrations, photographs, fiction, non-fiction. I love all of these things! As an English teacher, I get to search for texts to engage my students in class. I need students to grab onto the message in a text so that we can look at the way meaning is constructed and so they can respond with their own ideas - critically and creatively.

5. Language is just so powerful - I love imbuing students with the knowledge that they can wield words like an artist a brush, a football player a ball, a formula one driver a car. The pen is mightier than the sword, so they say, and the skills to use language can be incredibly empowering.

4. Being part of the community. I am about to move into the area I work in and some have balked at this. But, I am from a small coastal town where everyone knows each other and everyone works and lives in the same area. I love the idea that I am investing in my community.

3. Action research is something that has become more popular in education and I have had an opportunity to do a few mini-research projects. I have really enjoyed targeting a crucial skill set and developing a way to improve student learning. I hope to do this with another class this year utilising Nancie Attwell's 'Mini-Lesson' approach to writing skills.

2. I love learning and through teaching I hope I can give something back to the society that gave me so much - preschool, primary school, high school - both face-to-face and by distance, university, the many courses I have taken as a teacher. I have been lucky enough to become a better teacher and person through the many teachers I have had.



1. Making a difference in the lives of students is something that makes all the difficult aspects of the role worth it. Encouraging students to share their writing, praising them for trying something new in class and encouraging them to be critical thinkers in an ever changing world is a joy. Ensuring students have the tools to navigate the terrains of high school life whilst ensuring that they find success in the classroom and beyond, well, there's nothing more important.

Tuesday, April 12, 2016

Teacher Hacks

Teaching is the most dynamic of professions. It is perfect for people who like to do a million things at once and have autonomy in many of the processes and approaches as far as organisational systems and approaching different scenarios in the classroom.

I have picked up a few things over the last 9 years that would have been handy to know a little earlier. I think this is a list that once I start, I will keep adding to.

1. If something sucks, toss it out. When I first started teaching I was very invested in the resources I created and activities I devised. One particular time I decided to get students to convert an extract from Homer's 'Odyssey' into comic book form. We were all very excited to start, a classic text, drawing, comics, yay! However, it was a long extract and it ended up taking so very long that the students (and I did too) lost interest and the purpose of the exercise was completely lost. There's an old age adage, 'if it ain't broke, don't fix it,' just remember, when it is broke', chuck it out!

2. Voice. I cannot sing, at all, not even a little bit. When I play Singstar, the television is very loud and microphone, very, very low. However, I did some voice training when I was at university, for something fun to do (I sung only in front of my teacher!). Anyway, medium-sized story, short, I learnt a few things. Your voice needs to come from your belly, not your throat. If you want volume you need to take a big breath and then push your voice out from your abdomen. This, is key, to a great teacher voice too, and sometimes you need one of those. I definitely do not recommend using it all of the time, it is hard work, and frankly, unnecessary. Voice variation is key to maintaining student interest, use the big voice (from your abdomen) when you need it.

3. Do Now/Start Now/Let's Go Activities are awesome. A starting activity where few resources are needed gives the teacher time to set their things out, grab their roll, hand out pens if needed, get someone to hand out books, get everyone in the room and in chairs, all whilst completing a short (5 - 8 minutes) but meaningful activity. Some ideas?


  • BOGGLE CUBE, a tic-tac-toe grid with the letters of a 9-letter word scrambled. Students have to come up with as many smaller words as they can, and hopefully they can work out what the 9-letter word is too. Small prizes can keep students engaged and this is a great way to reinforce key vocabulary (especially if they are 9-letters!). I have seen staff use larger squares - it depends how much extension your students need. 


  • PUNCTUATION CHECK, write up 3 - 5 sentences sans punctuation for students to punctuate or use incorrect punctuation and have students correct. If the sentences are topic specific this is an easy way to continue the previous lesson or reinforce an important concept or skill (such as dialogue, imperative).
  • GRAMMAR CHECK, subject/verb agreement, pronouns, choose an appropriate adjective, etc.
  • SPELLING, scramble 3-5 key terms that have featured in lessons and have students write them correctly in their workbook and then write the words into sentences. This could be extended to a paragraph for Stage 6 students.
  • 7-MINUTE PARAGRAPH, have students write a paragraph without stopping about the content they have been learning. With Stage 6 students, I usually put a past HSC question on the board and have them write either an introduction to a critical essay or a body paragraph.
  • CREATIVE WRITING, a 50-word story, 6-word story, a story without the letter 'e' (or another letter), a descriptive piece using the five senses as a guide, can provide students with inspiration to put pen to paper right away.
  • JOURNALLING, reflecting on their lives can give students a tangible place to start writing from. Students could write about their favourites (food, place to go, music, thing to do when they are happy/sad), they could talk about how to make their favourite meal, what they had for breakfast, what they did in the holidays/on the weekend, what they would do if they won a prize. There are so many prompts available on the internet. The '642 Things to Write' Books are wonderful, however, not all of the prompts are appropriate so I would suggest buying the 'Young Writers Edition.'

4. Resources. Label everything electronic like you would #hashtag on Instagram or Twitter and ensure you spell these correctly. I cannot believe how much time I have wasted looking for documents with a misspelled file name! Choose a hyperlink storage system as soon as you can. Pinterest is great - you can keep links publicly or privately, Diigo is also one that many teachers use. Sometimes a reading list on your home computer can be helpful but if you need to access links at school, it can be a bit tricky. Someone once likened these types of websites as 'online hoarding' which is apt, however, it takes up far less room that IRL hoarding - just keep everything organised to save hassle looking for things!

5. Professional Associations, join them, or if your faculty has membership - grab the login details! The ETA English Teachers' Association and the PETAA Primary English Teaching Association Australia are wonderful and membership includes reduced price resources, professional learning, and regular journals and publications. Joining your state association also includes access to the AATE Australian Association for the Teaching of English. These organisations provide opportunities to develop a professional network and the ETA also has a Facebook group where staff from many different contexts share ideas and discuss issues relevant to English teaching today.


The BEST English Teaching Resources - On the Wish List 3/3

I love books, any book to do with teaching that could possibly provide some wisdom about learners, about school leadership, about literacy, reading comprehension, writing creatively, and critically, vocabulary improvement, poetry, film. You get the idea! 

Here are a few that I have been eyeing off:

1. 'Digital Games Literacy in Action' Catherine Beavis, Joanne O'Mara, Lisa McNeice $29.95 Published: 2012 EAN: 9 78 1743051 27 6 

Here is the blurb:
Digital Games: Literacy in action is the result of a wide-ranging investigation into the educational possibilities involved in young people's games. From their creation in the classroom to analysing games and the world of games as text, academics and teachers are now taking seriously the serious play of young people.

The contributors use the interaction between the theoretical frameworks of games as text and games as action to explore a wide of range of issues relevant to the teaching of English and literacy. These include understanding games as media texts, the place of digital culture in young people's lives, the narrative and visual design components of games, exploring concepts of role play and identity in games, the potential for games to engage disengaged students, and issues of gender and social interaction in game playing.


2. '100 Ideas for Secondary Teachers Outstanding English Lessons' Angella Cooze, Mary Myatt $18.16 Published: 2014 EAN: 9 78 1408194 93 5 

This is a text that I buy my Practicum Students, however, I haven't yet had a good look at the new edition! The old one is wonderful - it has lots of practical suggestions, have a peek here!

Here is the blurb:
100 IDEAS: QUICK - EASY - INSPIRED - OUTSTANDING No notice inspections are something every teacher now has to be prepared for. This accessible new book provides strategies to embed into your everyday teaching to ensure your English lessons are consistently outstanding every day, whether you are being observed or not. Dip in and pick an idea to use as a starter or develop a whole lesson plan from the practical, step-by-step activities included. The ideas will help your students develop strong foundation skills in spelling, punctuation, reading and writing as well as learning how to work together, listen to each other, give great presentations and tackle and analyse different types of text. But it's not all about work! There are strategies for inspiring in your class a love of literature and English by delving into a wide variety of texts - poetry, plays, novels, journalism and Shakespeare. There are also ideas to help you improve your teaching practice, tips on how to create the best learning environment for studying English and specific advice on how to cope with those dreaded Ofsted inspections.

Contents: 
Part 1: Setting the scene
Part 2: Ousted expectations
Part 3: Speaking and listening
Part 4: Reading
Part 5: Writing
Part 6: Fiction
Part 7: Non-Fiction
Part 8: Poetry
Part 9: Drama
Part 10: Spelling, punctuation and grammar.

3. 'An Ethic of Excellence' Ron Berger $25.69 Published: 2003 EAN:9 78 0325005 96 6

I have been reading up on Ron Berger as he is speaking at a conference I am attending later in the year. I have read the sample pages from this text and it is evident that Berger is a genuine educator with a lot to offer the field. I love the idea of craftsmanship in terms of students' work in all subjects and that a focus on excellent and 'beautiful' work can empower students and lead to great improvements in their learning.

Here is the blurb:
Drawing from his own remarkable experience as a veteran classroom teacher (still in the classroom), Ron Berger gives us a vision of educational reform that transcends standards, curriculum, and instructional strategies. He argues for a paradigm shift - a schoolwide embrace of an "ethic of excellence." A master carpenter as well as a gifted teacher, Berger is guided by a craftsman's passion for quality, describing what's possible when teachers, students, and parents commit to nothing less than the best. But Berger's not just idealistic, he's realistic - he tells exactly how this can be done, from the blackboard to the blacktop to the school boardroom.


4.  'Never Work Harder Than Your Students and Other Principles of Great Teaching' Robyn R. Jackson $26.95 Published: 2009 EAN: 978 1 4166 0757 1 http://www.ascd.org/Publications/Books/Overview/Never-Work-Harder-Than-Your-Students-and-Other-Principles-of-Great-Teaching.aspx

I found the link to this text in a blog on Pinterest. 

Here is the blurb:
If it ever feels like teaching is just too much hard work, here's a guide that helps you develop a more fluid and automatic way to respond to students and deliver great teaching experiences every time. Using a short set of basic principles and classroom examples that promote reflection, Robyn R. Jackson explains how to develop a master teacher mindset that ensures you 
  1. Always know the right questions that lead students to deeper thinking, increased motivation, and more ownership of learning. 
  2. Anticipate which areas of a lesson might give students trouble and correct misconceptions before they cause learning problems. 
  3. Use effective feedback to show students what they still need to do to reach an objective. 
  4. Organize your teaching knowledge into meaningful patterns that become the basis for your core teaching approach. 
  5. Find out where you are on your own journey to becoming a master teacher, which steps you need to take to apply the principles of great teaching to your own practice, and how to advance to the next stage of your professional development. Lots of classroom tips, problem-solving advice, and tools to help you begin practicing the book's principles in your classroom right away.


5. 'Guiding Readers and Writers Grades 3-6 : Teaching Comprehension, Genre, and Content Literacy' Irene Fountas and Gay-Su Pinnell $62.95 Published: 2000 EAN: 9780325003108 https://www.fivesenseseducation.com.au/shop-online/pearson-teacher-resources-online-and-seven-hills-store-only/guiding-readers-and-writers-

When I first saw this text at Five Senses Education I didn't realise it was aimed at Years 3 - 6. After reading the blurb and looking at the contents, I think many aspects would be applicable in a high school context, especially middle school.

Here is the blurb:
The product of many years of work with classroom teachers, Guiding Readers and Writers is one of the most comprehensive, authoritative guides available. It explores all the essential components of a quality literacy program in six separate sections:
  • Breakthrough to Literacy: Fountas and Pinnell present the basic structure of the language/literacy program within a breakthrough framework that encompasses the building of community through language, word study, reading, writing, and the visual arts. The framework plays out as three "blocks," which can be interpreted as conceptual units as well as segments of time within the school day. Specific information on how to structure a reading and writing workshop is provided. A practical chapter on organising and managing the classroom will help you implement the principles in your own classroom.
  • Independent Reading: It is essential for students to develop interests and tastes as readers, selecting books for themselves every day. Fountas and Pinnell devote four chapters to independent reading, exploring how to structure teaching, mini-lessons, conferences, groupshare, and ways to use response journals as part of a reading workshop. 
  • Guided Reading: The chapters in this section provide detailed information on planning for guided reading, dynamic grouping for effective teaching, and selecting, introducing, and using leveled texts. Fountas and Pinnell describe characteristics of texts related to difficulty and ways to organise texts in your classroom and school. 
  • Literature Study: This section of the book discusses how to make students’ experiences with literature as rich as possible. The authors offer specific suggestions for forming groups, guiding student choices, and establishing and teaching routines for literature discussion. A full chapter explores reader response and ways to help readers dig deep to uncover the meaning of texts. 
  • Teaching for Comprehension and Word Analysis: This detailed look at the reading process explores both oral and silent reading, processes and behaviors related to comprehension, and ways to help students construct meaning. Included are twelve systems for sustaining the reading process and expanding meaning, plus discussions of the important areas of phonics, spelling, and vocabulary. 
  • The Reading and Writing Connection: These chapters showcase the instructional contexts—poetry, writer’s notebooks, writer’s talks, genre, content literacy, and student research—that support students in connected reading and writing. An informative overview of the characteristics of fiction and nonfiction will help you teach students to read and write a variety of genre. What’s more, the authors suggest ways to help students learn the "genre" of testing and perform the kinds of reading and writing tasks that tests require. They also detail the continuous thoughtful assessment that guides all aspects of effective teaching. 
  • A special feature appears at the end of each section, in which Fountas and Pinnell provide indispensable suggestions for working with struggling readers and writers.



The Study Guide provides an overview of the text, here is another extract.

The BEST English Teaching Resources - Worthwhile Texts for the English Teacher 2/3


Here are some of the texts that I LOVE!

1. 'Edible English' - Judy McLaughlin $27.95 Published: 2012 EAN: 978 1876400798
I have used this text regularly for the past decade. It provides a succinct definition, context, example, and exceptions to the rule (because, let's face it, there's always an exception!). The language in the text is straight forward and it is very useful when putting together materials for students. The author used to have a direct website where the text could be purchased directly but I cannot find it! The text is available from a range of booksellers including Five Senses Education
Here is the blurb about 'Edible English' from Five Senses Education:
Edible English: English terminology made easy revises the highly successful Edible English with more definitions and content for Drama, Film, Grammar, Graphics and Visuals, Internet and Computer, Language, Media, Narrative, Poetry and Punctuation Terminology, as well as assessment terms used in Senior English.

The Fourth Edition not only has updated examples, more appendix pages and all the terminology used in Secondary English, but it also addresses a fourth criteria in your studies.

Edible English: The Fourth Edition tells you:

   WHAT the term is
   WHEN you'll see it
   WHY it's used, and now...
   HOW can you use this info to maximise your marks!

2. 'Literary Terms' - Brian Moon $35.95 Published: 2002 EAN: 1875136 215
I have referred to this text on numerous occasions for teaching aspects of literature to students in Years 7 - 12. The way in which the book is set up makes it easily used to provide extension or aspects can be used to provide enlightenment for both students and teachers. I found this text extremely helpful when developing a unit of work for the new NSW Syllabus for CLIC, that explored ‘ideology,’ ‘perspective,’ and ‘representation.’ Moon’s explanation and accompanying activities are very effective.
Here is the 'Literary Terms' blurb from Chalkface Press:
Now in its second edition, this successful book has been fully revised. Over 20 new terms have been added, including desire, identity, myth, reader positioning, postcolonialism and subjectivity. The book also takes account of developments in literary theory and practice over the past decade to offer a perspective that remains both critical and contemporary. 

Literary Terms is intended for use as a supplement to courses in English and Literature. Unlike other glossaries, it includes brief activities which help students develop a working knowledge of the concepts. Definitions and activities in the text are designed so that they can be used independently by students, at individual points of need. However, the glossary can also be integrated into classroom study without the need for additional preparation.

Each entry is structured as a mini-lesson which is organised in four parts:
  • To get you thinking: a stimulating puzzle or problem which brings the concept into focus;
  • Theory: a brief theoretical explanation and discussion of the concept;
  • Practice: an activity which calls for practical application of the concept in textual analysis;
  • Summary: a final summary which can serve as a working definition of the concept.

A wide range of classic and contemporary texts is referred to, including High Noon, Heart of Darkness, Star Wars, Buffy the Vampire Slayer and the comedy of Jerry Seinfeld. All are used to explicate concepts either through the provision of a telling example or as an inventive and accessible activity.

Literary Terms: A Practical Glossary, like Studying Literature, draws on recent developments in literary theory and places special emphasis on the role of reading practices in the production of literary meanings. As well as introducing new terminology relevant to this emphasis, the glossary reviews many traditional terms, such as 'style' and 'theme' in the context of contemporary approaches to the study of literature.

The contents are available here.


3. 'Oxford HSC English' - Deb McPherson, Karen Yager, Jane Sherlock $61.95 Published: 2009 EAN: 978 0 195568 20 2
Five years ago I shifted from a 7-10 high school to a 7-12 high school. I was distraught - the only HSC experience I had was with my own HSC and being a student and well, that's completely different to teaching a class! I was set to start in term 2 so I had two weeks to prepare and prepare is what I did. I purchased the texts my new students were studying, the study guides for these texts, I downloaded the syllabus, and purchased this gem (below). 'Oxford HSC English' was so very helpful in clarifying what it was that I was going to be teaching. I still refer to it regularly.
Here is the 'Oxford HSC English' blurb from OUP Press:

Oxford HSC English is an innovative new textbook for HSC English. Authoritative and comprehensive, this premium resource is designed to engage students and optimise their chances of success.

With coverage of popular prescribed texts, it covers both Standard and Advanced English modules, has an in-depth coverage of the Area of Study and provides a 'pathways approach' that meets all the requirements for the HSC Standard and Advanced English courses.

Oxford HSC English won an award for the Best Secondary Single Title at the 2010 Australian Education Publishing Awards. Here are the judges' comments: 

*     This well designed and attractively presented text is written in a very clear and informative manner. The detailed attention paid to the assessment advice and guidance, and assessment exemplars, reflects the pedagogical approach to English teachers and supports student learning. Supporting illustrations and photographs enhance and enrich the learning possible from the publication.

OUP wishes to congratulate the authors for their hard work on this award-winning title!


4. 'Grammar and Meaning New Edition' - Sally Humphrey, Louise Droga, Susan Feez $33.70 (members) $44.95 (non-members) Published: 2012 EAN: 978 1 875622 91 7
This book, teamed with 'A NEW Grammar Companion for Teachers' is the best of the best when it comes to unravelling the meaning encapsulated in grammatical conventions. Easy to use, with accompanying activities and answers, this text provides insight into the world of functional grammar and its usage to create meaning. I explored the text whilst completing the 12-week PETAA Grammar and Teaching course with Joanne Rossbridge. Every Wednesday from 4-6pm a group of primary and high school teachers got stuck into grammar - it was fantastic.

Here is the 'Grammar and Meaning' blurb from PETAA (the Primary English Teaching Association Australia):

The new edition of this bestseller aims to help teachers build their knowledge of the grammatical resources of the English language system and apply that knowledge to their teaching practice. It supports the Australian Curriculum: English and existing state-based syllabus documents, and is designed to complement Beverly Derewianka's A New Grammar Companion for Teachers. Each chapter assists teachers to engage actively with the material covered in the Derewianka text, and to apply their developing knowledge and skill to their teaching practice.

5. 'A NEW Grammar Companion for Teachers' - Beverly Derewianka $29.95 (members) $39.95 (non-members) Published 2011 EAN: 978 1 875622 90 0

This text is an excellent stand alone or even more powerful when combined with 'Grammar and Meaning.’ A commonly prescribed text for primary teachers, I came across an earlier edition when studying a grammar course. As someone who was about to embark on a teaching career in English, I felt I should know something about grammar. I undertook a semester of grammar that was more intensive than any of my grammar instruction at school. Before this course, I knew of nouns, verbs, and adjectives. Afterwards, I was competent. The ‘Grammar and Teaching’ course allowed me to engage once more with grammar and look at it in the context of what I was teaching. I feel much more confident with grammar now.

The blurb for 'A NEW Grammar Companion' from PETAA is here:

This updated edition of our bestseller is an indispensible reference, written in response to the new Australian Curriculum: English. It is organised around the main functions that language plays in our lives - interacting with others, structuring coherent texts, and expressing and connecting ideas. The publication makes links to specific Content Descriptors and Outcomes and extends, for the first time, into secondary schooling.